The article provides general guidance on the marking of ammunition and presents the most important types of munitions that were used by armed forces or were put into service from 1918 to 1945. The reader can get about forty types of ammunition for revolvers, pistols, submachine guns, rifles, machine guns and conventional anti-tank rifles. Just mention ammunition earlier types, since some of developed at the end of the past – the beginning of this century, patrons are produced and used before 1945 and later. However, since even before the First World War, with enhanced charges could increase ballistic performance of ammunition and were changed many designs of bullets, there is usually described modernized styles. Most rifle cartridges available at the turn of the century a rounded crown bullets were changed before the First World War, and now head of the bullet was pointed. Therefore, the figures show mostly modernized version. All parameters – size, weight, initial velocity and primary energy – are average values.
Does not always ignored the fact that the initial velocity bullets, among other things depends on the length of the barrel. Unable to escape, and also minor differences due to features of construction, differences in experimental methods, etc. As a consequence, there may be minor discrepancies in the data. Presented here cartridge size – length and diameter – were taken from a table of norms cartridge size, consisting of the Permanent International Commission for the Assessment of handguns (CIP). If data on some cartridges were missing, they were obtained by measuring the original ammunition.
The initial energy (Eo) was calculated on the basis of mass, slug (m), expressed in kg, and initial velocity (vo) according to the formula Eo = m / 2 * void , and rounded to the nearest whole number in J. Mass powder charge may vary Depending on the manufacturer, the differences of the techniques of manufacture, but also because of the translation in the si (International System of Units), adopted in Anglophone mass unit – a grain (1 grain = 0.0648 g). Bullet weight of individual cartridges as part may be subjected to fluctuations depending on various designs of bullets. In these cases, pointed bullet weight the most common standard military ammunition. This also applies to data about the length of the cartridge. On Figures cartridges are usually shown in full size.